Byzantine; Probably made in Constantinople
Ivory
5 x 3 1/2 in. (12.7 x 8.9 cm)
When I took Introduction to Catholicism last year, we talked about how images of Christ changed throughout the years and in different cultures. Images of Jesus started being depicted as a divine being, wearing purple attire and showing no sign of suffering. With time, these images became to take on a more human form, such as weight on the body, a simple robe for attire, and an appearance of suffering. And with time, the crown of thorns was added to the images.
So when I look at this piece, I can take some of what I learned in my theology courses and apply it into the piece. For example, Jesus' cross stabs the torso of Hades, the God of the underworld. Being a Byzantine piece, it would make sense why Hades is depicted here, so as to appeal to the Greek-influenced society of the time. This piece shows us a very human Jesus, with Mary and the Apostle John standing by his sides.
It would make sense why John is standing by him, since the scene depicted is John's version of the crucifixion of Jesus (the soldiers gambling to see who would keep Jesus' purple garment)
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/17.190.44
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